HOW TO TEACH THE SHAPE AMERICA STANDARDS & HEALTH SKILLS

Decision Making

Standard #5: Use a decision-making process to support health and well-being of self and others.

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This is your teaching guide for the SHAPE America Standards and the health skill of decision-making (Standard #5). It breaks down the skill and introduces two signature decision making steps: “What’s BEST?” as a quick reflection tool to help students evaluate how their choices impact their Body, Environment, Self, and Social Ties, and the WISE decision making tool (What’s happening, Identify options, Select your choice, Evaluate the outcome) for a deeper, step-by-step decision-making process. Inside this guide, health teachers will find a definition of the skill, grade-level learning progression examples, and standards-based assessment ideas to support effective, skills-based instruction.

Table of Contents

The Skill →

The Skill Cues →

Grade-Level Specific Teaching Ideas →

Videos →

Lesson Plans and Resource Index →

An Introduction to the Skill of Decision Making

National Health Education Standard #5: Decision Making

Let’s Explore

What is the Health Skill of Decision Making?

As one of the eight essential health skills in the SHAPE America National Health Education Standards, Decision-Making is a core component of effective health education and critical to promoting health literacy. This health skill teaches students how to think critically about their choices, consider possible consequences, and make intentional decisions that support their health and well-being. It also equips students with flexible tools to guide both quick, everyday choices and more complex, long-term decisions.

Why It Matters?

Every choice impacts your well-being.
We make countless decisions every day (i.e. what to eat, how to respond to a friend, whether to ask for help). Each one can support or harm our well-being.

We need tools that match real life.
Sometimes we need to make quick decisions on the spot, and other times we need to slow down and think it through. Using the “What’s BEST?” and WISE skill cues give students flexible tools that reflect the reality of how we make decisions.

Good decision-making is a skill you can build.
Just like any other skill, making thoughtful, intentional decisions takes practice. Learning a repeatable process helps students build confidence and take ownership of their choices.

The Skill Cues for Making Health Decisions

WISE: How to Make Decisions

  • W - Walk Through the Decision

    Identify what specific decision you need to make.

  • I - Identity Your Options

    Explore your options and predict the potential outcomes of each option. Ask yourself, “What’s BEST?” to consider how each decision may impact your overall well-being.

  • S - Select the BEST Choice

    Once you’ve determined which option is BEST, make your decision.

  • E - Evaluate the Outcome

    Look back on your decision and its impact. Did it enrich or harm your well-being? What can you learn for next time? And if the decision has already been made, use the same steps to evaluate your choice.

Health Skill Cues Videos

How to Teach the Skill of Decision Making

Step 1

Introduce the Health Skill

Step 2

Practice the Health Skill Cues

Step 3

Apply the Health Skill to Real Life

K-12 LEARNING PROGRESSION EXAMPLES FOR HEALTH TEACHERS

Decision Making Teaching Ideas

  • Learning Objectives

    Standards-aligned learning objectives focused on building health skill proficiency and strengthening students’ health literacy through real-world application.

    ✅ Students can identify decisions they make in their daily life (what to eat, who to play with, how to respond to feelings).

    ✅ Students can begin reflecting on how different choices make them feel and how their decisions impact others.

    ✅ Students can explore simple reasons behind their decisions (what they want, how they feel, what others expect).

  • Teaching Activities

    Hands-on, engaging teaching activities that give students opportunities to practice each health skill in realistic, relevant ways.

    🔎 ​​Decision Sequencing: Students choose one decision they made that day (e.g., what to eat for breakfast) and sequence the steps they took to make that choice.

    🔎 ​​Decision Matching: Students match different outcomes to choices as a way to help them understand that our choices have actions.

    🔎 ​​Decision Thumbs Up or Down: Present students with common daily decisions (e.g., sharing, ignoring a classmate, telling the truth) and have them give a thumbs up/down to show how that choice would likely make them feel.

  • Assessment Ideas

    Standards-based assessment measures students' health literacy and their ability to apply the health skills in a real-life scenario, demonstrating both their understanding of the health skill and their capacity to use it to manage their health.

    📚 My Decision Map: Students choose one real decision they made recently and complete a simple map that shows:

    - What the decision was

    - What influenced their choice (feelings, people, situations)

    - How it made them feel afterward

    This shows their understanding of how and why they make decisions, using kid-friendly language and visuals.

  • Learning Objectives

    Standards-aligned learning objectives focused on building health skill proficiency and strengthening students’ health literacy through real-world application.

    ✅ Students can examine the decision-making process and understand when a decision requires more thought.

    ✅ Students can use the “What’s BEST?” check-in to reflect on how a choice affects their body, environment, self, and social ties.

    ✅ Students can apply the WISE skill cue (What’s happening/What decision needs to be made, Identify options, Select the best choice, Evaluate the outcome) to common life decisions.

    ✅ Students can begin analyzing their decision-making habits and identify influences that shape their choices.

  • Teaching Activities

    Hands-on, engaging teaching activities that give students opportunities to practice each health skill in realistic, relevant ways.

    🔎 ​What’s BEST + WISE Matching & Sequencing: Use matching cards and sequencing strips to introduce and reinforce each part of the “What’s BEST” and WISE cues.

    🔎 Scenario Analysis: Present real-life middle school situations and have students walk through the scenario using both decision-making models to evaluate the options and outcomes.

    🔎 Daily Decision Check-In Journal: Students keep a short log of 1–3 decisions they make each day and reflect on how those choices affected their body, environment, self, or social ties.

    🔎 Influence Tracker: Pair decision-making with analyzing influences by having students track what (or who) influenced their decision in a few everyday situations.

  • Assessment Ideas

    Standards-based assessment measures students' health literacy and their ability to apply the health skills in a real-life scenario, demonstrating both their understanding of the health skill and their capacity to use it to manage their health.

    📚 Design a Decision-Making Tool:
    Students create a real-life tool to help themselves and their peers make better decisions using the “What’s BEST” and WISE skill cues. This could be a reflection bookmark, a mantra, a decision-making poster, a wallet card, a phone wallpaper, or any other creative format they would actually use. The tool must include:

    - A clear, student-friendly summary of both decision-making models

    - Visuals or wording that make the tool engaging and practical

    - A short written explanation of how and when they would use it in real life

    This project allows students to demonstrate their understanding of the skill while designing something meaningful and usable in their everyday lives.

  • Learning Objectives

    Standards-aligned learning objectives focused on building health skill proficiency and strengthening students’ health literacy through real-world application.

    ✅ Students can independently apply the “What’s BEST?” model and the WISE decision-making cue to real and relevant situations in their lives.

    ✅ Students can evaluate past decisions, reflect on what worked or didn’t, and adjust future choices accordingly.

    ✅ Students can critically analyze the short- and long-term impact of decisions, especially in complex or high-pressure situations.

    ✅ Students can develop confidence in recognizing when a thoughtful, values-aligned decision-making process is needed.

  • Teaching Activities

    Hands-on, engaging teaching activities that give students opportunities to practice each health skill in realistic, relevant ways.

    🔎 ​Personalized “What’s BEST” Check-In Tool: Students create a version of the “What’s BEST” model tailored to their lives—something they can use in real time to reflect on decisions.

    🔎 WISE Character Analysis: Students choose a character from a movie, show, or book and analyze a major decision they made using the WISE skill cue. They identify what the character considered, what they missed, and what could have changed the outcome.

    🔎 Decision Journal Challenge: Students try to document every decision they make over a 5-hour period—from small (what to eat) to big (how to respond to a text)—then reflect on how each impacted their day.

  • Assessment Ideas

    Standards-based assessment measures students' health literacy and their ability to apply the health skills in a real-life scenario, demonstrating both their understanding of the health skill and their capacity to use it to manage their health.

    📚 Personal Decision-Making Case Study:
    Students complete a two-part case study focused on building self-awareness and decision-making skills using the WISE and “What’s BEST” cues. The assessment includes:

    Routine Decision Self-Assessment

    Identify one everyday decision they regularly make (e.g., how they manage time, respond to stress, interact with peers) that they want to improve.

    Reflect on current habits, apply “What’s BEST” to evaluate the decision’s impact, and use the WISE cue to develop a plan for making a better choice going forward.

    Big Decision Preparation

    Identify one upcoming or recent big decision in their life (e.g., academic choice, relationship decision, health habit, job opportunity).

    Walk through the WISE cue to analyze the situation, identify options and potential outcomes, and determine what they need to feel confident making the decision.

    Include a reflection on how confident they feel about the process and what supports they may need.

    This assessment gives students the opportunity to personalize their learning, apply decision-making skills to real-life situations, and reflect on their own growth

TEACH THE SHAPE AMERICA HEALTH STANDARDS

Health Skills
Teaching Toolkit

The Project School Wellness Health Skills Toolkit is your all-inclusive resource for teaching the health skills outlined in the SHAPE America National Health Education Standards. With done-for-you lesson plans featuring signature health skill cues, health teachers can confidently teach each health skill. Every lesson includes a flexible one-page worksheet that can be taught with any health topic, making it easy to reinforce and apply health skills across your entire health curriculum. Simple, effective, and ready to use, this toolkit makes skills-based health education easier than ever.

Health Skills Lesson Plans

Decision Making Lesson Plans

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